Python Built-in Conversion Functions

The Python interpreter has some built-in conversion functions.

bin()

bin(𝑥)

Parameters

bin()to return a binary string prefixed with "0b". 𝑥to specify the integer to be returned from

Remarks

• bin() convert an integer number to a binary string prefixed with "0b"
• If 𝑥 is not a Pyton int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

chr()

chr(𝑖)

Parameters

type()to return the string representing the character specified by an Unicode code point. 𝑖to specify the Unicode code point to be returned from

Remarks

• chr() is the inverse of ord()
• The valid range for the argument 𝑖 is from 0 through 1,114,111 (0x10FFFF in base 16). ValueError will be raised if 𝑖 is outside that range.

format()

format(value[, format_spec])

Parameters

format()to return a formatted representation of specified value. valueto specify a value to be returned from [format_spec]optional, to specify the format_spec of the value to be returned.

Remarks

• The interpretation of format_spec will depend on the type of the value argument, however there is a standard formatting syntax that is used by most built-in types: Format Specification Mini-Language.
• The default format_spec is an empty string which usually gives the same effect as calling str(value)
• A call to format(value, format_spec) is translated to type(value).__format__(value, format_spec) which bypasses the instance dictionary when searching for the value's __format__() method.
• A TypeError exeception is raised if the method search reaches object and the format_spec is non-empty, or if either the format_spec or the return value are not strings.

hex()

hex(𝑥)

Parameters

hex()to return a lowercase hexadecimal strig prefixed with 0x. 𝑥to specify the integer 𝑥 to be returned from

Remarks

• hex() converts an integer number to a lowercase hexadecimal string prefixed with 0x
• If 𝑥 is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.
• To obtain a hexadecimal string representation for a float, use the float.hex() method.

oct()

oct(𝑥)

Parameters

oct()to return an octal string prefixed with 0o from an integer number. 𝑥to specify an integer number to be returned from

Remarks

• The result is a valid Python expression
• if 𝑥 is not a Python int object, it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

ord()

ord(𝑐)

Parameters

ord()to return an integer representing the Unicode code point of that character. 𝑐to specify the string to be returned from

Remarks

• Given a string representing one Unicode character, return an integer representing the Unicode code point of that character.
• This is the inverse of chr().

Source and Reference

• https://docs.python.org/3/reference/executionmodel.html
• https://docs.python.org/2.0/ref/execframes.html
• https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/classmethod-in-python/
• https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#typesmapping